sobota, 5 września 2026

3

Pan – the goat-footed and horned god of forests, flocks, and shepherds, protector of herds. Son of Hermes and the nymph Oeneis (or Dryope, Amalthea). According to legend, he was so ugly that his mother abandoned him, and Hermes took him to Olympus, where everyone took a liking to Pan. He invented a musical instrument named after the nymph Syrinx, who was Pan's beloved. He also had many other loves, such as Echo (with whom he had a daughter, Iynx), Eupheme (son of Krotos), and Pitys. He boasted of sleeping with all of Dionysus' drunken maenads. When angered, his screams instilled fear ("panic") and caused panic ("panic") among people and animals. In Rome, he was a Faunus.

Plutos – "Abundance." God of grain supplies, he was later worshiped as a god of wealth and material prosperity. Associated with Demeter in cult, he was often considered her son. He was depicted as a small child with a cornucopia in his hand or as a blind old man distributing his goods.

Pontos - "Sea." Pontus. One of the oldest sea deities. He sprang from the goddess Gaia-Earth and had sexual intercourse with her. Brother of Ouranos. Father of Nereus, Phorcys, Cleto, Thaumas, and Eurybia, among others.

Poseidon – god of the sea. Protector of sailors and fishermen, islands, peninsulas, archipelagos, and earthquakes. Son of Cronus and Rhea, brother of Zeus and Hades, among others, with whom he shared dominion over the world. Initially, he courted Thetis, but eventually became the husband of the nymph Amphitrite (their children were Tritons, Rhoda, and Benthesikyme). He also had affairs with Demeter, Scylla, and Medusa, among others. Father of numerous offspring: Polyphemus and Sciron, Antaeus, Minias, and Busiris. By other unions, he was the father of Agenor and Belus (with Libya), Despoinus and Arion (with Demeter), Pegasus (with Medusa), Pelias and Neleus (with Tyro), Orion (with Euriale), Eumolpos (with Chione), and Charybdis (with Gaia). He was usually depicted as a powerful old man resembling Zeus, with wet hair and a trident in his hand, riding a chariot drawn by two-legged seahorses, floating on the waves, surrounded by numerous sea deities. His attribute of power was a trident. A white horse, a dolphin, and pine branches were sacrificed to him. In a plot against Zeus, Poseidon, as punishment, was forced to assume a human form and return to earth to help build Troy. Poseidon's underwater palace was located near Aegaea in Euboea. In Roman mythology, he was Neptune.
Priapus – god of gardens, orchards, and vineyards, as well as sexual potency (only in men) and personifying natural fertility and abundance. Son of Aphrodite and Dionysus (Pan, Hermes, Zeus), he was a comic and obscene figure. A phallic deity, he was usually depicted as an adult, handsome, well-built man with an erect penis. Priapus symbolized the male element of fertility.

Proteus – "The First Man." A sea deity. Son of Oceanus and Thetis. Depicted as a prophetic old man who could change shape. He was a shepherd and tended Poseidon's seals. He was a sorcerer who knew the past and the future. To obtain prophecies, one had to defeat him in combat.

Thanatos – the black-winged god who personified death. The twin brother of Hypnos. The most famous myth involving him is that of Sisyphus. Sisyphus was supposedly led to Tartarus, but through trickery, he returned to Earth under Thanatos's protection. He managed to bind Thanatos, the god of death. However, upon learning of this, Hermes freed the prisoner. During his captivity, humankind multiplied enormously, as there was no one to take them to Hades. In art, Thanatos was depicted as a winged youth with an extinguished torch in his hand.

Tartarus – a primordial deity personifying the darkest regions of the underworld. According to Hesiod, Tartarus, Gaia, Eros, Erebus, and Nyx were primordial deities who emerged from Chaos.

Ouranos was the personification of Heaven. The son and husband of Gaia, through her father of nineteen children: three Hecatonchires, three Cyclopes, twelve Titans, and one of the winds, Euros, whom he imprisoned in Gaia's womb. He was mutilated and stripped of his power by his youngest son, Cronus. From the blood of Ouranos, which fell on Gaia, Mother Earth, arose, among others, the Giants and, according to some sources, the Erinyes and Melias. From the blood that fell to the surface of the sea, Aphrodite, hence called Urania, was born.
Zagreus – a deity known as Dionysus-Zagreus. Son of Zeus and Persephone, conceived secretly from all. Zeus ordered the Korybantes, or Curetes, to guard Zagreus's cradle in a cave on Ida. The Titans whitened themselves with plaster to prevent recognition and waited until the Curetes were asleep. At midnight, they lured Zagreus with gifts of toys, golden apples, a mirror, dice, and a bundle of wool. When the Titans attacked him, intending to murder him, Zagreus did not cower, but changed forms several times, trying to elude them. He incarnated successively as Zeus, Kronos, a lion, a horse, a horned serpent, a tiger, and a bull. In his final incarnation, the Titans captured him, tore him to pieces, and devoured him. Athena defeated the Titans, saved Zagreus's heart, placed it in a plaster statue and breathed life into it, thus making Zagreus immortal.

Zeus, Zeus - The chief deity of the Greek pantheon. God of all atmospheric phenomena, protector of the family and state, guarantor of political freedom and social justice. Father of gods and men, lord of the sky, light, and thunder. Surety of oaths and treaties. The youngest son of Kronos (hence called Kronos) and Rhea, brother of Poseidon, Hades, Hestia, Demeter, and Hera, who was also his wife. Saved by his mother, he defeated (with the help of his siblings) his father, the Titans, and the Giants. He shared dominion over the world with his brothers, retaining supreme power for himself. He chose Mount Olympus as his seat. The main places of Zeus's cult were Olympia and Dodona. Among the trees, the oak was dedicated to him, and among the animals, the eagle. Zeus's main attribute was the thunderbolt. Zeus was depicted as a dignified old man, holding a scepter with an eagle and thunderbolt in his hand. Sometimes with the goddess of victory, Nike.
Zeus had many offspring from many unions:

Zeus + Eris - Ate

Zeus + Metis (1st wife) -Athena

Zeus + Themis (2nd wife) - Hours, Hory - Dike, Eunomia, Eirene and Moira - Klotho, Lachezis and Atropos

Zeus + Eurynome (3rd wife) - Three daughters of Charites - Euphrosyne, Aglaia and Thalia

Zeus + Leto (Latona) - Apollon and Artemis

Zeus + Hera (4th wife) - Eileithyia, Ares, Hephaestus, Hebe

Zeus + Demeter - Kora

Zeus + Mnemosyne - Muses

Zeus + Dione - Aphrodite

Zeus + Maja - Hermes

Zeus + Semele - Dionysus

Zeus + nymph Kalike - Endymion

Zeus + Aegina - Aeacus

Zeus + Callisto - Arkas

Zeus + Electra - Dardanos

Zeus + Io - Epaphos

Zeus + Danae - Perseus

Zeus + Leda - Castor, Pollux, Helena

Zeus + Europa - Minos, Rhadamanthus, Sarpedon

Zeus + Antiope - Amphion, Zetos

Zeus + Taleja - Palikowie

Zeus + Alcmene - Heracles

Zeus + Pluto - Tantal

Brak komentarzy:

Prześlij komentarz

3

Mara - the evil spirit who tempted Buddha. Matali - Indra's charioteer. Mathura - a city in India where Buddha was said to have been bor...