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Re, Ra - ("sun"), universal solar primordial deity, god of "everything" (hence almost automatically identified with Atum), personification of universal order and harmony; as such, considered the father of Maat. While there was agreement on the interpretation of Re's daily journey across the sky (the sun sails in a boat), theological controversy surrounded Re's nocturnal fate; he was said to be swallowed by Nut, who gave birth to him again the next day, or to journey through the underworld (hence Re's role in the cults of the dead). Another important episode of the cult was the myth of the eternal struggle between the sun, or Re, and darkness and evil, or the serpent called Apop; defeated in the morning, Apop bleeds, and his blood colors the sky red at dawn. Re was usually depicted as a man with a solar disk on his head.

Renenutet - a deity who takes care of the harvest and fruits of the earth.

Serapis, Sarapis, Serapeum - (from the Egyptian Usir-Hapi), savior god, patron of happiness, and giver of prophetic dreams. A syncretic, late Egyptian deity (of a lunar nature, among other things) arising from the fusion of aspects of the cult of Osiris and Ptah-Apis; worshiped most prominently during the Hellenistic period, he gained great popularity and was "exported" beyond native Egypt, gaining popularity throughout the Hellenistic world. His depictions were now entirely un-Egyptian in style: Serapis was a bearded man, depicted in the Greek style, usually with a basket on his head and the dog Cerberus at his feet. Temples of Serapis, called Serapes, were located in many cities – the most famous was the Serapeum of Alexandria, while the Serapeum of Memphis, discovered by A. Mariette, contains, among other things, a necropolis of sacred bulls.

Set, Setekh, Setesh, Sutekh - (also called Nesheni = "storm cloud", Keri = "wind?", Nemhem = "lightning bolt"); god of evil, thunder, and earthquakes. Originally an Upper Egyptian proto-deity whose cult was widespread in many areas of Egypt; paradoxically, he had good and bad aspects - as the brother and killer of Osiris, he was surrounded by a negative cult (this, according to some theories, is an echo of the defeat in the struggle for the unification of Egypt by the so-called Confederation of Seth - the predynastic state organism of southern Egypt - with the Delta - the worshippers of Osiris and Horus). However, Set also, as a deity of bustynia and "foreign lands", patronized various long expeditions and caravan routes. At certain periods in Egyptian history, he even gained the position of guardian of the dynasty. Seth was depicted as an unidentified animal (antelope? donkey?).

Sobek, Sukhos – a deity associated with areas near bodies of water and personified by a crocodile; the crocodile god bore various names and had different theologies. A fertilizing god in the form of a crocodile, a god of nature. Considered, among other things, the lord of the waters and creator of the world, he gained popularity in the Hellenistic period, when the crocodile was given the head of a falcon and named Soknopaios.

Sokar - a deity associated with the cult of the dead, desert cults and cosmic cults; originally a local deity of the necropolis (hence the name "Sakkara"), syncretically linked with mummy gods (Ptah-Sokar-Osiris) and depicted as a mummy (sometimes with a falcon's head) or a falcon.

Shu, Show - a deity personifying air, understood as the space between heaven and earth; sometimes also worshipped as "brightness" or "sunshine". God of the luminous atmosphere and air. In Heliopolitan theology, a cosmic deity, the husband of Tefnut. Depicted as a (rarely lion-headed) man, supporting the heavens with his upraised arms (Nut).

Thoth (Egyptian: Djehuti), a proto-cosmic deity from the Delta, god of wisdom, personification of the moon and time; also considered the patron saint of writers and scholars. The main cult site was Chemenu (Ashmunein), where he was worshiped in the form of an ibis and a baboon; there is also a necropolis of sacred animals there. In Osirian mythology, he served as a negotiator between conflicting gods and a nurse for the wounded. He was sometimes given the goddess Seshat as his consort. The cult of Thoth, also popular among the Greeks (he was identified with Hermes), survived into antiquity, and as Hermes-Trismegistus, he became the patron of arcane knowledge, alchemy, and magic.

Upuaut, Wepwaut, Wepwawet - (Egyptian for "opener of ways"), a local Upper Egyptian deity, depicted in the form of a wolf or a desert dog; associated with posthumous cults, but never identified with Anubis.