Radio signals sent using a low-power transmitter can be received worldwide under ideal transmitting conditions. These conditions are influenced by local radio interference, weather, season, and sunspot activity. Under ideal conditions, a station transmitting at low power can be picked up with a large antenna—a good receiver. However, spies typically use hand-built transmitters and transmit in difficult conditions, making reception even close to the transmitter very difficult. Only large transmitters with a power of at least 500,000 watts guarantee good reception, sometimes even on the other side of the world.
While no broadcaster or government has yet admitted to broadcasting numbers stations, a 1998 article in the Daily Telegraph featured a statement from a representative of the British Department of Trade and Industry (the department that regulated radio broadcasting in the UK at the time) who stated: "These [numbers stations] you're referring to do exist. People shouldn't know about them. They're not for, so to speak, public consumption."
According to numbers station researchers, it is illegal to listen to these stations in the UK without special permission.
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