Gods
Argula – in Aboriginal mythology from the western Kimberley, a trickster figure associated with witchcraft. In these areas, antisocial behavior could be punished by painting a twisted human figure in a rock cave and singing offensive songs to it, supposedly bringing disability or death to the offender. Such paintings are said to be the work of Argula.
Atua - minor gods patronizing various activities and looking after individual islands.
Haumia - Maori god of wild vegetables and plants. He was the son of the sky god Rangi and the earth goddess Papa.
Karaperamun - the supreme being worshiped in Vanuatu (formerly the New Hebrides) before the islanders converted to Christianity. The Karaperamun cult was revived in 1940 with the arrival of cargo cultist John Frum, who was believed to be the deity's incarnation.
Kinharingen, a god from Borneo, was born with his wife from a rock and became parents. To provide food for the first humans, they killed their first child and dismembered it. The head turned into a coconut, the shins into sugarcane, the fingers into bananas, and the blood grew into rice.
Ku - Hawaiian name for the Polynesian god of war, elsewhere known as Tu.
Lature - Indonesian god of the abyss
Lono – god of the sky, peace, and agriculture. The Hawaiian equivalent of the god known in other regions as Rongo. Lono assumed rule over Hawaii annually during the four-month Makihiki festival, which began with the appearance of the Pleiades in the evening sky and the arrival of the autumn rains. During Makihiki, which this god was said to initiate, his image was carried from island to island and worshiped in thanksgiving for good harvests and abundance. At the end of Makihiki, Lono was ritually slain in the main temple dedicated to him, after which he was said to depart for Kahiki, the invisible land, where he remained until the following autumn. The remainder of the year was dedicated to Ku, the god of earth and prosperity.
Lowalangi, Indonesia's supreme celestial being, is omnipotent, omnipresent, and omniscient. He punished those guilty of any offenses with natural disasters, and typhoons were his primary repertoire of punishments.
Nareau – a primordial deity, according to Gilbert Islands mythology (Micronesia). Nareau began the process of creation by persuading an eel to separate heaven and earth.
Paao – a Hawaiian god who is said to have originated the rites associated with Makihiki, the festival of the god Lono. Paao supposedly came to the Hawaiian Islands from an invisible land across the sea. He was the founder of a new religion and the one who overthrew the then-current dynasty of chieftains.
Rangi – the primordial creator deity of the Maori pantheon. Rangi, the sky god, and Papa, the earth goddess, embraced so tightly in a primordial void that none of their six children could separate from them at birth. The war god Tu proposed killing their parents, but the forest god Tane decided it would be better to separate them by force. Each god, in turn, tried to separate the deities, but only Tane succeeded. It was then that Rangi and Papa took their places where they rest to this day.
Rona – according to Maori mythology, a god who battles the moon. The battle began after the moon stole Rona's wife. When the moon tires of the battle, it disappears. During this time, Rona and the moon gather their strength, which is the waxing phase of the moon. The battle resumes at the full moon.
Rongo, Lono, Ro – Maori god of peace and crops, one of the six descendants of the primordial deities Rangi and Papa. In one of his aspects, as Rongo-maui, he is said to have brought the first yams (sweet potatoes). In Hawaii, he is worshiped under the name Lono.
Sang Jang - the highest deity in Java.
Sihai – an Indonesian god whom Lowalangi molded from mud and brought to life with his own breath. When Sihai died, his right eye became the sun, his left eye the moon, a tree of fire grew from his mouth, a tree of gold from his throat, and a tree that gave rise to humanity from his belly.
Tane – a god who oversees the forests that cover small patches of land rising from the vast ocean waters. In Hawaii, he was worshiped as a sun deity who, together with his wife Hina, ruler of the silver globe, traveled the heavens.
Tane was the son of Papa, the earth mother, and Rangi, the sky father. Rangi and Papa were so tightly embraced in the primordial void that none of their six children could separate from them after birth. The war god Tu proposed killing their parents, but the forest god Tane decided it would be better to separate them by force. Each god, one by one, tried to separate the deities, but only Tane succeeded. Rangi and Papa then took their places where they rest to this day, but Tane incurred the jealousy of his siblings. Tawhiri, the god of the elements, felled all of Tane's trees and caused his child, a fish that had lived in the forests, to flee into the sea, to the kingdom of the god Tangaroa. It is said that Tane, enraged by the loss of his offspring, remained in conflict with Tangaroa from then on. When Tane desired to marry, he asked for Papa's hand in marriage. She refused, but on her advice, he created the first woman, Hinehauone, from the sand of the island of Hawaiki. Hinehauone was responsible for the birth of the first human and the emergence of mortality. She bore Tane a daughter named Hinetitama, who later became Hinenuitepo, the giant goddess of death. Tane later married Hinetitama, but when the girl learned he was her father, she fled in terror to the underworld and became Hinenuitepo. From there, she cried out to Tane that she would bring death to all his children. Thus, humankind became mortal.
Tangaloa, Tangaroa, Tanaoa, Taaroa – Maori god of the ocean, patron of fishermen and sailors, protector of fish, and particularly revered. Son of Rangi and Papa, he was a well-known deity throughout Polynesia. Outside of New Zealand, he was revered as the creator of other gods, the Earth, and humans. According to Maori mythology, most marine creations are the work of Tangaroa, while those on land are the work of Tane. However, all fish were descendants of Tane and inhabited the forests until Tawhiri, the god of the elements, felled all the trees and caused the fish to flee into the sea, to Tangaroa's kingdom. Apparently, Tane, enraged by the loss of his offspring, remained in conflict with Tangaroa from then on.
Tawhiri – the Maori god of the elements, son of Rangi and Papa. A Maori creation myth tells that Rangi and Papa were so tightly embraced in the primordial void that none of their six children could separate from them after birth. The war god Tu proposed killing their parents, but the forest god Tane decided it would be better to separate them by force. Each god, one by one, tried to separate the deities, but only Tane succeeded. Rangi and Papa then took their places where they rest to this day, but Tane incurred the jealousy of his siblings. Tawhiri, the god of the elements, felled all the trees of Tane and caused his child, a fish that had lived in the forests until then, to escape into the sea, to the realm of the god Tangaroa.
Tjapara - according to the Tiwi people of Melville and Bathurst Islands - the man who became the moon.
Tu – according to the Maori creation myth, Tu was the god of war, the son of Rangi and Papa. Rangi, the sky god, and Papa, the earth goddess, were so tightly embraced in the primordial void that none of their six children could separate from them after birth. Tu proposed killing their parents, but the forest god Tane decided it would be better to separate them by force. Each god, one by one, tried to separate the deities, but only Tane succeeded. It was then that Rangi and Papa took their places where they rest to this day. One day, Tu was attacked by Tawhiri, and none of his other brothers came to his aid, so Tu turned against them. He caught fish and animals in nets, the offspring of Tangaroa and the offspring of Tane, and ate wild plants and grains, the offspring of Haumia and Rongo. Here he acquired the knowledge of magic that allowed him to control all of his brothers' children: the weather, animals, plants, and inanimate matter.
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